HistoryFiled under History
The Constitutional Convention: The Penalty Clause
The Fix has sat untouched for 158 Years. The amendment does not say "residents." It does not say "persons." The penalty clause uses a precise and specific word: citizens.
"The amendment does not say "residents." It does not say "persons." The penalty clause uses a precise and specific word: citizens."

Full entry, including sources, footnotes, and the underlying bill text, is published on Substack.
Sources & Notes
Quote-by-quote attribution. Every line below is sourced from the canonical entry on Substack.
- [01]
"residents."
- [02]
"persons."
Primary Link
- Full entry on Substack- cmonsensereport.substack.com
- Filed: July 2, 2026
Notes: This is a personal brief, not professional journalism. Sourcing, footnotes, and corrections live on the canonical Substack entry above.
